Other Health Issues in Williams Syndrome
Gastrointestinal Difficulties:
Research has suggested that gastrointestinal (stomach and digestive) problems occur in 75% of children with Williams syndrome. This may include abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea and gastrointestinal reflux.
Hypertension:
Hypertension is also known as high blood pressure and is present in approximately 50% of people with Williams syndrome. This can be present at any age. Hypertension can be present at any age and can be treated with lifestyle adaptations and medication.
Musculoskeletal:
Children with Williams syndrome often develop musculoskeletal problems, which are problems related to muscles, ligaments, tendons and bones. This is often due to low muscle tone and lax joints.
Joint stiffness may worsen with age, although physical therapy can help improve muscle tone, strength and the range of motion in the joints.
Sensory processing impairments:
It is common for individuals have difficulties with certain food textures due to tactile sensitivity (unusual or increased sensitivity to touch). This can cause problems during the important transition to solid foods during infancy.
Hyperacusis is a sensory condition that results in the brain interpreting relatively quiet sounds or noises as being uncomfortably loud. Hyperacusis can cause pain and discomfort and affects up to approximately 80% of people with Williams syndrome, although usually improves with age. People with Williams syndrome often report fears of loud noises such as thunderstorms and fireworks, and this may be related to hyperacusis.